How Can You Find Relief from Toothache? Home Remedies and Tooth Pain Medicine Explained

Common Causes

Tooth decay and cavities are among the leading culprits of toothaches¹. Dental caries occur when acids produced by bacteria in plaque erode the tooth enamel, leading to discomfort. Infections and abscesses are also common causes, where bacterial infections result in pus-filled pockets in the tooth or gums, causing significant pain and swelling.

Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, affects the tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth, often leading to pain and discomfort. Tooth damage or injury, such as cracks, chips, or fractures, can expose the nerves and result in tooth pain. Wisdom tooth eruption can also cause pain due to crowding or misalignment as they emerge.

Other potential causes

Other potential causes include loose fillings, which create gaps that allow bacteria to enter and cause pain. Additionally, referred pain from earaches or sinus infections can sometimes manifest as tooth pain.

Salt Water Rinse

Salt water is a natural disinfectant that can help loosen food particles and reduce inflammation². To use this home remedy for toothache, mix half a teaspoon of salt in warm water, swish it around your mouth, and then spit it out. Repeat as needed for relief.

Cold Compress

Applying a cold compress can reduce pain and swelling, especially after an injury. The cold constricts blood vessels, which diminishes pain and swelling. Wrap a towel around an ice pack and apply it to the cheek for 20 minutes, repeating every few hours as necessary.

Peppermint Tea Bags

Peppermint has numbing and antibacterial properties³. The menthol in peppermint provides a numbing sensation. Use a cooled tea bag and apply it to the affected area for temporary relief from swelling and dull pain.

Hydrogen Peroxide Rinse

Hydrogen peroxide can help with pain, swelling, and bleeding gums⁴. It works by cleansing and disinfecting the area. Dilute a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution with equal parts water, swish it in your mouth, and then spit it out. Be sure to avoid swallowing the mixture, and rinse with plain water afterwards.

Clove Oil

Clove oil contains eugenol, a natural aesthetic that helps numb pain⁵. Dilute clove oil and apply it with a cotton ball to the affected area. Use sparingly to avoid irritation and avoid accidental swallowing.

OTC pain relievers can provide temporary pain relief for toothache, allowing you to manage pain until you can see a dentist. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen, are often recommended as first-line therapy for dental pain⁶. Be sure to follow the instructions on the packaging to avoid overuse.

Topical anaesthetics, such as gels and ointments containing benzocaine, can numb the affected area temporarily⁷. However, they should not be used for children under two years of age. Desensitizing toothpaste can also be beneficial; regular use can reduce tooth sensitivity. Simply rub it along the gum around a sensitive tooth before bed. Additionally, rinsing with fluoride mouthwash may help alleviate pain, espe